Experimental Investigation of Wire Wicked and Mesh Wicked Heat Pipe

An experimental investigation is carried out for determining heat pipes heat transfer rate involving wire wick and mesh wick. The investigation is conducted in order to examine the efficiency of wire wicked heat pipe. The wire wick is investigated for heat transfer rate and efficiency by comparing it with the widely used economic and efficient mesh wick structure. The investigation function involved detecting the heat transfer at different angle of inclinations. Both the heat pipes considered have the same thickness of wick layers and same working fluid tested under ideal situations.

Sample-Efficient Co-Design of Robotic Agents Using Multi-fidelity Training on Universal Policy Network

Co-design involves simultaneously optimizing the controller and agents physical design. Its inherent bi-level optimization formulation necessitates an outer loop design optimization driven by an inner loop control optimization. This can be challenging when the design space is large and each design evaluation involves data-intensive reinforcement learning process for control optimization. To improve the sample-efficiency we propose a multi-fidelity-based design exploration strategy based on Hyperband where we tie the controllers learnt across the design spaces through a universal policy learner for warm-starting the subsequent controller learning problems. Further, we recommend a particular way of traversing the Hyperband generated design matrix that ensures that the stochasticity of the Hyperband is reduced the most with the increasing warm starting effect of the universal policy learner as it is strengthened with each new design evaluation. Experiments performed on a wide range of agent design problems demonstrate the superiority of our method compared to the baselines. Additionally, analysis of the optimized designs shows interesting design alterations including design simplifications and non-intuitive alterations that have emerged in the biological world.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figure

Testing Bell's inequality using Aharonov-Casher effect

We propose the Aharonov-Casher (AC) effect for four entangled spin-half particles carrying magnetic moments in the presence of impenetrable line charge. The four particle state undergoes AC phase shift in two causually disconnected region which can show up in the correlations between different spin states of distant particles. This correlation can violate Bell's inequality, thus displaying the non-locality for four particle entangled states in an objective way. Also, we have suggested how to control the AC phase shift locally at two distant locations to test Bell's inequality. We belive that although the single particle AC effect may not be non-local but the entangled state AC effect is a non-local one.Comment: Latex, 6 pages, no figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

"Assisted cloning'' and "orthogonal-complementing" of an unknown state

We propose a protocol where one can exploit dual quantum and classical channels to achieve perfect ``cloning'' and ``orthogonal-complementing'' of an unknown state with a minimal assistance from a state preparer (without revealing what the input state is). The first stage of the protocol requires usual teleportation and in the second stage, the preparer disentangles the left-over entangled states by a single particle measurement process and communicates a number of classical bits (1-cbit per copy) to different parties so that perfect copies and complement copies are produced. We discuss our protocol for producing two copies and three copies (and complement copies) using two and four particle entangled state and suggest how to generalise this for N copies and complement copies using multiparticle entangled state.Comment: 7 pages, Latex, no figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. A. 1999(to be accepted

Quantum superposition of multiple clones and the novel cloning machine

we envisage a novel quantum cloning machine, which takes an input state and produces an output state whose success branch can exist in a linear superposition of multiple copies of the input state and the failure branch exist in a superposition of composite state independent of the input state. We prove that unknown non-orthogonal states chosen from a set $\cal S$ can evolve into a linear superposition of multiple clones by a unitary process if and only if the states are linearly independent. We derive a bound on the success probability of the novel cloning machine. We argue that the deterministic and probabilistic clonings are special cases of our novel cloning machine.Comment: Two column, 5 pages, Latex, some additions, minor changes. Phys. Rev. Lett. (To appear, 1999

Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding approach in fisheries research in India

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is defined as the genetic material obtained from a water sample containing no distinguishing signs of source macroorganisms. The method utilizes DNA which is continuously excreted by organisms into the surrounding environment through mucus, gamates, faeces, blood and other cells, and captures, analyses and obtains the nucleotide sequence of this DNA based on an environmental sample. eDNA analysis has emerged as a potentially powerful tool to access aquatic community structures. Analysis of eDNA can give us information on the organisms, their abundance and biomass through two approaches – eDNA barcoding and eDNA metabarcoding. In the former, specific species are targeted in samples using standard or quantitative PCR, and using traditional Sanger sequencing method

Transcriptomic approach to study salinity tolerance in euryhaline cichlid, Etroplus suratensis (Bloch, 1790)

Increasing levels of salinity in coastal and freshwater environments as a result of rise in sea level is linked to climate change and it impacts fish growth adversely. Etroplus suratensis (Pearlspot) is the largest species among the indigenous cichlid which is essentially brackishwater fish that has become naturally acclimated to freshwater. Understanding the basis of tolerance and acclimatization to increased environmental salinity and freshwater condition can help the regional aqua-farmers to mitigate predicted impacts of climate change in that region. Technically the last decade contributed many methodologies to understand the salinity adaptation mechanisms; suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) library generation being one of them. In this study we performed SSH technique to identify genes involved in salinity adaptation and osmoregulation in gills of E. suratensis, generating from fishes exposed to seawater (SW-36 ‰) as compared to freshwater (FW-0 ‰). Here, SSH was used to identify alterations in gene transcription of E. suratensis after exposure to 36‰. A random 105 clones were selected and sanger sequenced from the subtractive c-DNA libraries which gave a total of 80 gene fragment sequences

Energy consumption of composite structure in various regions in India: a BIM approach

Energy - efficient building design has become an important factor to be considered in Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry to develop sustainable structures as a result of other environmental issues and the ongoing rise in global warming. The necessity of the hour is to predict the building's energy use and use an appropriate energy-saving solution and construction design. Commercial buildings are a significant energy consumer and a primary factor of CO2 emissions during the course of their existence. As a developing country, the practice on energy efficient building in India is not as much as in developed countries. In the present study, a commercial composite building located in five regions in India with different climatic conditions assist its energy consumption using Building Information Modelling (BIM) tools. Modelling of the structure is developed using Autodesk Revit Architecture. ETABS is used to analyze the structural stability of the proposed composite commercial building. Further for energy analysis, Autodesk Green Building Studio (GBS) and Autodesk Insight are used. From the GBS results, commercial building which is located in Dispur, Assam has less EUI 863.8 MJ/m2/year compared with other four regions of India. The building in the Assam region is further examined using Autodesk Insight to determine the various design strategies with regard to Energy Use Intensity (EUI). The EUI for the Assam region has been shown to vary by a significant amount due to small variations in design strategies. Through energy analysis, the cost of energy could be significantly decreased by using BIM, which helps implement better design alternatives prior to building construction by optimizing yearly energy budget when compared to conventional techniques